World country dataset from: John Hopkins University Center for System Science and Engineering John Hopkins University dataset, which is updated daily in DATA1. The name of the latest time series (since 22/3):
Spanish region dataset. Confirmed, hospitalised, Intensive care units (ICU), deaths and recovered cases by Autonomous Community of Spain available at Situation of COVID-19 in Spain from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Data updated daily in DATA2. The structure of this file is not stable over time. The current variables are: CCAA, FECHA, CASOS, PCR+, TestAc+, Hospitalizados, UCI, Fallecidos, Recuperados. Please read the notes at the end of the CSV.
Italian region dataset. Confirmed, hospitalised, Intensive care units (ICU), deaths and recovered cases by regions of Italy available at COVID-19 Italia - Monitoraggio situazioneDipartimento della Protezione Civile from Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri - Dipartimento della Protezione Civile. Data updated daily in DATA3.
Catalonia region dataset. These data come from the RSAcovid19 record from the Health Department and show data from the accumulated positive cases, which are those that tested positive on some diagnostic test (PCR or fast test). It also includes data from the accumulated suspicious cases corresponding to people who presented symptoms at some point and a sanitary professional has classified them as a possible case, but they do not have a diagnostic test (PCR or fast test) with a positive result. The surveillance service activated all the cases and they identified the person's residence zone indicated on each sanitary card. Information is updated in open data daily at Dades obertes de Catalunya.
Note: new active cases can be negative for some days, if on this day there were more new recoveries \(+\) deaths cases than there were new confirmed cases.
Related with the idea of “flattening the curve”, we consider the curve (\(r_{1}^{(j)}(t)\)) that captures how growth rate changes over time. Besides, we smooth this signal to avoid the effect of sudden changes in notification (such as the weekend effect).
Objective: Predict the growth rate at horizon \(k\) using the past during the last 15 days of growth rate H\(_1\):
\[R_{1}(0)=\{r_1^{(j)}(-14),\ldots,r_1^{(j)}(0)\}\]
Filtering:
Fit the model. Three functional models of the general regression are constructed: \(r_{k}^{(j)}(0) = f(R_{1}(0)) + \epsilon\), where the difference lies in the form of the \(f\):
Predictions:
This work has been supported by Project MTM2016-76969-P from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad - Agencia Estatal de Investigación and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and IAP network StUDyS from Belgian Science Policy.
Thanks to Diego Campanario for creating the Shiny server.
The file obtained from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) has suffer changes along time in the units of the variables. Typically, the historical data is not reconstructed.